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West Nusa Tenggara (Indonesian: Nusa Tenggara Barat often abbreviated to NTB) is a province in south-central Indonesia. The province encompasses the western portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Bali as the Wallace line running the length of the Lombok Strait forms the western boundary of the province.
The two largest islands in the province are Lombok in the west and the larger Sumbawa island in the east. Mataram, on Lombok, is the capital and largest city of the province, while Bima is the largest city on Sumbawa.
A 2002 United Nations Development Programme report classified West Nusa Tenggara as the least-developed province in Indonesia.
History
In 1938, the Neo Municipality was formed, a self regulated area (Dutch: Zelf Bestuur Regelen).[citation needed] Based on the Lombok government constitution, East Indonesia Presidents' decision on 9 May 1949 No.5/Prv/49, Lombok did not contain a municipality but was an area conducted by Dutch Government. Formerly known as Sunda Kecil (Small Sunda), the West Nusa Tenggara Province was formed from part of the former State of East Indonesia in 1951.[citation needed] In 1957, the regional government was established.
Population
Lombok is mainly inhabited by the Sasak ethnic group, with a minority Balinese population, and Sumbawa is inhabited by Sumbawa and Bima ethnic groups. Each of these groups has a local language associated with it as well. The population of the province is 4,496,855 (at the 2010 census); 70.4% of the population lives on Lombok (at the 2010 census).
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